LIGHT

Something that has a high frequency has a high energy. Different colors are related to different energies. Red light is low energy, and violet is a higher color. Energy comes in specific packets. Light particles are photons. If you know the frequency, you can know the exact energy. The equation to know this is Eq=hxf. We looked through a spectroscope at light and saw a light spectrum. In the Light spectrum there are 7 different colors. There is red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet.
Here is a quick little scale to show:
RED- radio waves
ORANGE- microwaves
YELLOW- infared
GREEN- visible light
BLUE- ultraviolet
INDAGO- X-rays
VIOLET- gamma rays
If you know the wavelength you can now the energy and if you know the energy you can know the frequency. The Photoelectric Effect is where the blue light excites electrons and gets a current going. Red will not create a current because it is a lower frequency. Blue and violet light are at a higher energy and closer to UV. The lowest possible energy for an electron to be happy is ground state, closest to the nucleus. When it is at its highest level and excited it crashes down to ground level and thats when the light comes out. You get different colors from when it jumps. There must be jumps, thats why there are different energy levels. Different colors have different things to do with the levels of electrons. The higher the energy, the higher the frequency. Positives and negatives are attracted to each other, when the electron is closer it is pretty stable and when you drag the electron out, it has higher energy so it's not so stable. The main gasses in mercury gas are orange, yellow, and blue. You can also see a little bit of red and purple. In the gas neon, the colors you see are red, orange, yellow and green. You can see a little bit of blue and there are some dark bands between the yellow and green. In the gas nitrogen there is yellow, green and purple. There are also some dark bands in between the green too.  In Helium there is red, yellow, green and blue as the main colors you can see. There is some faint purple and there are some gaps between colors.

This is the Complete Spectrum where there is just a light and we look through the spectroscope to see pretty much all the colors in the light spectrum.

Here is a picture where we placed a little bottle of orange water in front of the light and looked through the spectroscope to see mostly red and orange. From the reflection you can see some other colors but they aren't any of the main colors you see.

Here is a picture where we placed a blue tank of water in front of the light and saw mostly all the colors but mainly the green and blueish colors.

Here is a link about an article that helped me to understand some of the things about light.

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/09/22/cern-light-speed_n_977014.html